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@ -10,36 +10,11 @@ size_t DoublyLinkedList::size() const
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return count;
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return count;
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}
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}
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// return pointer to the node at position i, counting from 0
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// for negative numbers, count from the tail (-1) backward (-2, -3, ...)
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DoublyLinkedListNode* DoublyLinkedList::index(int i) const
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{
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DoublyLinkedListNode* n = this->head;
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if(i > 0)
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{
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for(int k = 0; k < i; k++)
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{
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assert(n != nullptr);
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n = n->get_next();
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}
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}
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else /** in the doubly linked list, we can walk backward, so let us allow it for negative i **/
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{
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DoublyLinkedListNode* n = this->tail;
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for(int k = -1; k > i; k--)
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{
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assert(n != nullptr);
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n = n->get_prev();
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}
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}
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return n;
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}
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// add an item at the end of the list
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// add an item at the end of the list
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void DoublyLinkedList::push_back(const int& pushed_item)
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void DoublyLinkedList::enqueue(int value)
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{
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{
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DoublyLinkedListNode* new_node = new DoublyLinkedListNode;
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DoublyLinkedListNode* new_node = new DoublyLinkedListNode;
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new_node->set_item(pushed_item);
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new_node->set_item(value);
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if(this->empty()) this->head = new_node;
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if(this->empty()) this->head = new_node;
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else
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else
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@ -50,115 +25,16 @@ void DoublyLinkedList::push_back(const int& pushed_item)
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this->tail = new_node;
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this->tail = new_node;
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}
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}
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// add an item at the beginning of the list
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void DoublyLinkedList::push_front(const int& pushed_item)
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{
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DoublyLinkedListNode* new_node = new DoublyLinkedListNode;
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new_node->set_item(pushed_item);
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if(this->empty()) this->tail = new_node;
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else
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{
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new_node->set_next(this->head); // FIX BUG from the previous version, which was "new_node->set_next(this->head->get_next());"
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this->head->set_prev(new_node); // FIX BUG from the previous version, which was "this->head->get_next()->set_prev(new_node);"
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}
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this->head = new_node;
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}
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// remove the head node and item
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// remove the head node and item
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void DoublyLinkedList::pop_front()
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int DoublyLinkedList::dequeue()
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{
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{
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if(this->empty()) return; // nothing there to remove
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if(this->empty()) return 0; // nothing there to remove
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DoublyLinkedListNode* successor = this->head->get_next();
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DoublyLinkedListNode* successor = this->head->get_next();
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if(successor) successor->set_prev(nullptr); /** we must detach the previous head node from its successor **/
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if(successor) successor->set_prev(nullptr); /** we must detach the previous head node from its successor **/
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int outgoing = this->head->item;
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delete this->head;
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delete this->head;
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this->head = successor; // successor of the previous head is the new head
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this->head = successor; // successor of the previous head is the new head
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if(this->head == nullptr) this->tail = nullptr; // catch special case: the list is now empty
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if(this->head == nullptr) this->tail = nullptr; // catch special case: the list is now empty
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}
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return outgoing;
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// remove the tail node and item
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/** note how this is much easier for the doubly than for the singly linked list; **
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** we can simply take the "pop_front()" implementation and do everything symmetrically **/
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void DoublyLinkedList::pop_back()
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{
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if(this->empty()) return; // nothing there to remove
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DoublyLinkedListNode* predecessor = this->tail->get_prev();
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if(predecessor) predecessor->set_next(nullptr);
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delete this->tail;
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this->tail = predecessor; /** predecessor of the previous tail is the new tail **/
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if(this->tail == nullptr) this->head = nullptr; /** catch special case: the list is now empty **/
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}
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// insert an item at index i
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// for negative numbers, count from the tail (-1) backward (-2, -3, ...)
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void DoublyLinkedList::insert_at(int i, const int& inserted_item)
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{
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if(i == 0)
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{
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this->push_front(inserted_item);
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return;
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}
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else if(i == -1)
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{
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this->push_back(inserted_item);
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return;
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}
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DoublyLinkedListNode* predecessor = this->index(i-1);
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this->insert_successor_to(predecessor, inserted_item);
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}
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// remove the item at index i
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// for negative numbers, count from the tail (-1) backward (-2, -3, ...)
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void DoublyLinkedList::erase_at(int i)
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{
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if(i == 0)
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{
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this->pop_front();
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return;
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}
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else if(i == -1)
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{
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this->pop_back();
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return;
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}
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DoublyLinkedListNode* erased_node = this->index(i);
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this->erase_node(erased_node);
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}
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// insert an item after given node
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void DoublyLinkedList::insert_successor_to(DoublyLinkedListNode* predecessor, const int& inserted_item)
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{
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DoublyLinkedListNode* new_node = new DoublyLinkedListNode;
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new_node->set_item(inserted_item);
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DoublyLinkedListNode* successor = predecessor->get_next();
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predecessor->set_next(new_node);
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new_node->set_prev(predecessor); /** attach both ways **/
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new_node->set_next(successor);
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if(!successor) this->tail = new_node;
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else successor->set_prev(new_node); /** attach both ways **/
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}
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/** remove "erased_node" from the doubly linked list **/
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void DoublyLinkedList::erase_node(DoublyLinkedListNode* erased_node)
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{
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if(erased_node->get_prev() == nullptr) /** erase the head **/
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{
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this->pop_front();
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return;
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}
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if(erased_node->get_next() == nullptr) /** erase the tail **/
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{
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this->pop_back();
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return;
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}
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/** now attach predecessor and successor to each other **/
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erased_node->get_prev()->set_next(erased_node->get_next());
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erased_node->get_next()->set_prev(erased_node->get_prev());
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delete erased_node; /** "erased_node" detached now, we can delete it **/
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}
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}
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@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
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#define DOUBLY_LINKED_LIST_H
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#define DOUBLY_LINKED_LIST_H
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#include <cassert>
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#include <cassert>
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#include "queue.h"
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#include "sequence.h"
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#include "sequence.h"
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namespace seq
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namespace seq
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@ -37,61 +38,20 @@ namespace seq
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friend class DoublyLinkedList; // allow DoublyLinkedList to access private members
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friend class DoublyLinkedList; // allow DoublyLinkedList to access private members
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};
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};
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class DoublyLinkedList: public Sequence
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class DoublyLinkedList: public Queue
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{
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{
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public:
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public:
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bool empty() const { return (this->head == nullptr); } // test whether the doubly linked list is empty
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bool empty() const { return (this->head == nullptr); } // test whether the doubly linked list is empty
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size_t size() const; // return the size (number of items in the doubly linked list)
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size_t size() const; // return the size (number of items in the doubly linked list)
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// it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the list is not empty when calling front() or back()!
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void enqueue(int element);
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int& front() { assert(this->head); return this->head->get_item(); } // return a reference to the first item
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int dequeue();
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int& back() { assert(this->tail); return this->tail->get_item(); } // return a reference to the final item
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// return a reference to the item at position i of the list, counting from 0
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// for negative numbers, count from the tail (-1) backward (-2, -3, ...)
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// it is the caller's responsibility that the index is within range
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int& at(int i) { return this->index(i)->get_item(); }
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// return pointer to the head/tail node
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// return pointer to the head/tail node
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DoublyLinkedListNode* begin() const { return this->head; }
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DoublyLinkedListNode* begin() const { return this->head; }
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DoublyLinkedListNode* end() const { return this->tail; }
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DoublyLinkedListNode* end() const { return this->tail; }
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// return pointer to the node at position i, counting from 0
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void clear() { while(!this->empty()) this->dequeue(); } // remove all the items from the list
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// for negative numbers, count from the tail (-1) backward (-2, -3, ...)
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DoublyLinkedListNode* index(int i) const;
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/*
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* accepts an additional item into the doubly linked list;
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* by default, this is done at the back end of the list
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* call push_front(...) to push an element at the front
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*
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* the list takes ownership of the copy (but not of the original!)
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*/
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void push(const int& pushed_item) { this->push_back(pushed_item); }
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void push_back(const int& pushed_item);
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void push_front(const int& pushed_item);
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/*
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* removes an item from the list (front end by default)
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* to do the same at the back, call pop_back()
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*/
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void pop() { this->pop_front(); }
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void pop_front();
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void pop_back();
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void clear() { while(!this->empty()) this->pop(); } // remove all the items from the list
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// it is the caller's responsibility that the index is within range
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// for negative numbers, count from the tail (-1) backward (-2, -3, ...)
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void insert_at(int i, const int& inserted_item); // insert an item at index i
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void erase_at(int i); // remove the item at index i
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// it is the caller's responsibility that the node is actually part of the list
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void insert_successor_to(DoublyLinkedListNode* predecessor, const int& inserted_item); // insert an item after given node
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void erase_successor_to(DoublyLinkedListNode* predecessor) // remove the item after given node
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{
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this->erase_node(predecessor->get_next());
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}
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void erase_node(DoublyLinkedListNode* erased_node);
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~DoublyLinkedList() { this->clear(); }
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~DoublyLinkedList() { this->clear(); }
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@ -56,12 +56,12 @@ int main()
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std::cout << "\n\n*** test with singly linked list ***\n";
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std::cout << "\n\n*** test with singly linked list ***\n";
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seq::SinglyLinkedList sll;
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seq::SinglyLinkedList sll;
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float sll_time = test_with_time_measurement(&sll, iterations);
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float sll_time = test_with_time_measurement(&sll, iterations);
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/*
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std::cout << "\n\n*** test with doubly linked list ***\n";
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std::cout << "\n\n*** test with doubly linked list ***\n";
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seq::DoublyLinkedList dll;
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seq::DoublyLinkedList dll;
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float dll_time = test_with_time_measurement(&dll, iterations);
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float dll_time = test_with_time_measurement(&dll, iterations);
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*/
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//std::cout << "\n\nRuntime for dynamic array:\t" << dyna_time << " s\n";
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//std::cout << "\n\nRuntime for dynamic array:\t" << dyna_time << " s\n";
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std::cout << "Runtime for singly linked list:\t" << sll_time << " s\n";
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std::cout << "Runtime for singly linked list:\t" << sll_time << " s\n";
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//std::cout << "Runtime for doubly linked list:\t" << dll_time << " s\n";
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std::cout << "Runtime for doubly linked list:\t" << dll_time << " s\n";
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}
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}
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@ -25,9 +25,9 @@ int SinglyLinkedList::dequeue()
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{
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{
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if(this->empty()) return 0; // nothing there to remove
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if(this->empty()) return 0; // nothing there to remove
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SinglyLinkedListNode* successor = this->head->get_next();
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SinglyLinkedListNode* successor = this->head->get_next();
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int result = this->head->item;
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int outgoing = this->head->item;
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delete this->head;
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delete this->head;
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this->head = successor; // successor of the previous head is the new head
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this->head = successor; // successor of the previous head is the new head
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if(this->head == nullptr) this->tail = nullptr; // catch special case: the list is now empty
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if(this->head == nullptr) this->tail = nullptr; // catch special case: the list is now empty
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return result;
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return outgoing;
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}
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}
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