remove dangling spaces

Examples/Announce.py

@@ -93,9 +93,7 @@ def announceLoop(destination_1, destination_2):
         # Send the announce including the app data
         destination_1.announce(app_data=fruit.encode("utf-8"))
         RNS.log(
-            "Sent announce from "+
-            RNS.prettyhexrep(destination_1.hash)+
-            " ("+destination_1.name+")"
+            f"Sent announce from {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination_1.hash)} ({destination_1.name})"
         )
 
         # Randomly select a noble gas
@@ -104,9 +102,7 @@ def announceLoop(destination_1, destination_2):
         # Send the announce including the app data
         destination_2.announce(app_data=noble_gas.encode("utf-8"))
         RNS.log(
-            "Sent announce from "+
-            RNS.prettyhexrep(destination_2.hash)+
-            " ("+destination_2.name+")"
+            f"Sent announce from {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination_2.hash)} ({destination_2.name})"
         )
 
 # We will need to define an announce handler class that
@@ -131,8 +127,7 @@ class ExampleAnnounceHandler:
 
         if app_data:
             RNS.log(
-                "The announce contained the following app data: "+
-                app_data.decode("utf-8")
+                f"The announce contained the following app data: {app_data.decode('utf-8')}"
             )
 
 ##########################################################

Examples/Broadcast.py

@@ -54,9 +54,7 @@ def packet_callback(data, packet):
 def broadcastLoop(destination):
     # Let the user know that everything is ready
     RNS.log(
-        "Broadcast example "+
-        RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)+
-        " running, enter text and hit enter to broadcast (Ctrl-C to quit)"
+        f"Broadcast example {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)} running, enter text and hit enter to broadcast (Ctrl-C to quit)"
     )
 
     # We enter a loop that runs until the users exits.

Examples/Buffer.py

@@ -61,9 +61,7 @@ def server(configpath):
 def server_loop(destination):
     # Let the user know that everything is ready
     RNS.log(
-        "Link buffer example "+
-        RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)+
-        " running, waiting for a connection."
+        f"Link buffer example {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)} running, waiting for a connection."
     )
 
     RNS.log("Hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)")

Examples/Channel.py

@@ -124,9 +124,7 @@ def server(configpath):
 def server_loop(destination):
     # Let the user know that everything is ready
     RNS.log(
-        "Link example "+
-        RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)+
-        " running, waiting for a connection."
+        f"Link example {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)} running, waiting for a connection."
     )
 
     RNS.log("Hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)")
@@ -280,14 +278,11 @@ def client_loop():
                         channel.send(message)
                     else:
                         RNS.log(
-                            "Cannot send this packet, the data size of "+
-                            str(packed_size)+" bytes exceeds the link packet MDU of "+
-                            str(channel.MDU)+" bytes",
+                            f"Cannot send this packet, the data size of {packed_size} bytes exceeds the link packet MDU of {channel.MDU} bytes",
                             RNS.LOG_ERROR
                         )
                 else:
-                    RNS.log("Channel is not ready to send, please wait for " +
-                            "pending messages to complete.", RNS.LOG_ERROR)
+                    RNS.log(f"Channel is not ready to send, please wait for pending messages to complete.", RNS.LOG_ERROR)
 
         except Exception as e:
             RNS.log(f"Error while sending data over the link: {e}")

Examples/Echo.py

@@ -64,9 +64,7 @@ def server(configpath):
 def announceLoop(destination):
     # Let the user know that everything is ready
     RNS.log(
-        "Echo server "+
-        RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)+
-        " running, hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)"
+        f"Echo server {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)} running, hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)"
     )
 
     # We enter a loop that runs until the users exits.
@@ -142,9 +140,7 @@ def client(destination_hexhash, configpath, timeout=None):
 
     # Tell the user that the client is ready!
     RNS.log(
-        "Echo client ready, hit enter to send echo request to "+
-        destination_hexhash+
-        " (Ctrl-C to quit)"
+        f"Echo client ready, hit enter to send echo request to {destination_hexhash} (Ctrl-C to quit)"
     )
 
     # We enter a loop that runs until the user exits.
@@ -247,10 +243,7 @@ def packet_delivered(receipt):
                     reception_stats += f" [SNR {receipt.proof_packet.snr} dB]"
 
         RNS.log(
-            "Valid reply received from "+
-            RNS.prettyhexrep(receipt.destination.hash)+
-            ", round-trip time is "+rttstring+
-            reception_stats
+            f"Valid reply received from {RNS.prettyhexrep(receipt.destination.hash)}, round-trip time is {rttstring}{reception_stats}"
         )
 
 # This function is called if a packet times out.

Examples/Identify.py

@@ -53,9 +53,7 @@ def server(configpath):
 def server_loop(destination):
     # Let the user know that everything is ready
     RNS.log(
-        "Link identification example "+
-        RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)+
-        " running, waiting for a connection."
+        f"Link identification example {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)} running, waiting for a connection."
     )
 
     RNS.log("Hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)")
@@ -209,9 +207,7 @@ def client_loop():
                     RNS.Packet(server_link, data).send()
                 else:
                     RNS.log(
-                        "Cannot send this packet, the data size of "+
-                        str(len(data))+" bytes exceeds the link packet MDU of "+
-                        str(RNS.Link.MDU)+" bytes",
+                        f"Cannot send this packet, the data size of {len(data)} bytes exceeds the link packet MDU of {RNS.Link.MDU} bytes",
                         RNS.LOG_ERROR
                     )
 

Examples/Link.py

@@ -53,9 +53,7 @@ def server(configpath):
 def server_loop(destination):
     # Let the user know that everything is ready
     RNS.log(
-        "Link example "+
-        RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)+
-        " running, waiting for a connection."
+        f"Link example {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)} running, waiting for a connection."
     )
 
     RNS.log("Hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)")
@@ -189,9 +187,7 @@ def client_loop():
                     RNS.Packet(server_link, data).send()
                 else:
                     RNS.log(
-                        "Cannot send this packet, the data size of "+
-                        str(len(data))+" bytes exceeds the link packet MDU of "+
-                        str(RNS.Link.MDU)+" bytes",
+                        f"Cannot send this packet, the data size of {len(data)} bytes exceeds the link packet MDU of {RNS.Link.MDU} bytes",
                         RNS.LOG_ERROR
                     )
 

Examples/Minimal.py

@@ -51,9 +51,7 @@ def program_setup(configpath):
 def announceLoop(destination):
     # Let the user know that everything is ready
     RNS.log(
-        "Minimal example "+
-        RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)+
-        " running, hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)"
+        f"Minimal example {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)} running, hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)"
     )
 
     # We enter a loop that runs until the users exits.

Examples/Ratchets.py

@@ -75,9 +75,7 @@ def server(configpath):
 def announceLoop(destination):
     # Let the user know that everything is ready
     RNS.log(
-        "Ratcheted echo server "+
-        RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)+
-        " running, hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)"
+        f"Ratcheted echo server {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)} running, hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)"
     )
 
     # We enter a loop that runs until the users exits.
@@ -153,9 +151,7 @@ def client(destination_hexhash, configpath, timeout=None):
 
     # Tell the user that the client is ready!
     RNS.log(
-        "Echo client ready, hit enter to send echo request to "+
-        destination_hexhash+
-        " (Ctrl-C to quit)"
+        f"Echo client ready, hit enter to send echo request to {destination_hexhash} (Ctrl-C to quit)"
     )
 
     # We enter a loop that runs until the user exits.
@@ -259,10 +255,7 @@ def packet_delivered(receipt):
                     reception_stats += f" [SNR {receipt.proof_packet.snr} dB]"
 
         RNS.log(
-            "Valid reply received from "+
-            RNS.prettyhexrep(receipt.destination.hash)+
-            ", round-trip time is "+rttstring+
-            reception_stats
+            f"Valid reply received from {RNS.prettyhexrep(receipt.destination.hash)}, round-trip time is {rttstring}{reception_stats}"
         )
 
 # This function is called if a packet times out.

Examples/Request.py

@@ -67,9 +67,7 @@ def server(configpath):
 def server_loop(destination):
     # Let the user know that everything is ready
     RNS.log(
-        "Request example "+
-        RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)+
-        " running, waiting for a connection."
+        f"Request example {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)} running, waiting for a connection."
     )
 
     RNS.log("Hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)")

Examples/Speedtest.py

@@ -62,9 +62,7 @@ def server(configpath):
 def server_loop(destination):
     # Let the user know that everything is ready
     RNS.log(
-        "Speedtest "+
-        RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)+
-        " running, waiting for a connection."
+        f"Speedtest {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)} running, waiting for a connection."
     )
 
     RNS.log("Hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)")

RNS/Cryptography/HMAC.py

@@ -60,13 +60,11 @@ class HMAC:
         if hasattr(self._inner, 'block_size'):
             blocksize = self._inner.block_size
             if blocksize < 16:
-                _warnings.warn('block_size of %d seems too small; using our '
-                               'default of %d.' % (blocksize, self.blocksize),
+                _warnings.warn(f'block_size of {int(blocksize)} seems too small; using our default of {int(self.blocksize)}.',
                                RuntimeWarning, 2)
                 blocksize = self.blocksize
         else:
-            _warnings.warn('No block_size attribute on given digest object; '
-                           'Assuming %d.' % (self.blocksize),
+            _warnings.warn(f'No block_size attribute on given digest object; Assuming {int(self.blocksize)}.',
                            RuntimeWarning, 2)
             blocksize = self.blocksize
 

RNS/Interfaces/Android/RNodeInterface.py

@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ class KISS():
     ERROR_EEPROM_LOCKED = 0x03
     ERROR_QUEUE_FULL    = 0x04
     ERROR_MEMORY_LOW    = 0x05
+    ERROR_MODEM_TIMEOUT = 0x06
     ERROR_INVALID_FIRMWARE = 0x10
     ERROR_INVALID_BLE_MTU  = 0x20
 
@@ -1254,6 +1255,9 @@ class RNodeInterface(Interface):
                             elif (byte == KISS.ERROR_MEMORY_LOW):
                                 RNS.log(f"{self} hardware error (code {RNS.hexrep(byte)}): Memory exhausted", RNS.LOG_ERROR)
                                 self.hw_errors.append({"error": KISS.ERROR_MEMORY_LOW, "description": "Memory exhausted on connected device"})
+                            elif (byte == KISS.ERROR_MODEM_TIMEOUT):
+                                RNS.log(f"{self} hardware error (code {RNS.hexrep(byte)}): Modem communication timed out", RNS.LOG_ERROR)
+                                self.hw_errors.append({"error": KISS.ERROR_MODEM_TIMEOUT, "description": "Modem communication timed out on connected device"})
                             else:
                                 RNS.log(f"{self} hardware error (code {RNS.hexrep(byte)})", RNS.LOG_ERROR)
                                 raise OSError("Unknown hardware failure")

RNS/Interfaces/AutoInterface.py

@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ class AutoInterface(Interface):
 
         self.group_hash = RNS.Identity.full_hash(self.group_id)
         g = self.group_hash
-        #gt  = "{:02x}".format(g[1]+(g[0]<<8))
+        #gt  = f"{g[1] + (g[0] << 8):02x}"
         gt  = "0"
         gt += f":{g[3] + (g[2] << 8):02x}"
         gt += f":{g[5] + (g[4] << 8):02x}"

RNS/Interfaces/RNodeInterface.py

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ class KISS():
     ERROR_EEPROM_LOCKED = 0x03
     ERROR_QUEUE_FULL    = 0x04
     ERROR_MEMORY_LOW    = 0x05
+    ERROR_MODEM_TIMEOUT = 0x06
 
     PLATFORM_AVR   = 0x90
     PLATFORM_ESP32 = 0x80
@@ -850,6 +851,9 @@ class RNodeInterface(Interface):
                             elif (byte == KISS.ERROR_MEMORY_LOW):
                                 RNS.log(f"{self} hardware error (code {RNS.hexrep(byte)}): Memory exhausted", RNS.LOG_ERROR)
                                 self.hw_errors.append({"error": KISS.ERROR_MEMORY_LOW, "description": "Memory exhausted on connected device"})
+                            elif (byte == KISS.ERROR_MODEM_TIMEOUT):
+                                RNS.log(f"{self} hardware error (code {RNS.hexrep(byte)}): Modem communication timed out", RNS.LOG_ERROR)
+                                self.hw_errors.append({"error": KISS.ERROR_MODEM_TIMEOUT, "description": "Modem communication timed out on connected device"})
                             else:
                                 RNS.log(f"{self} hardware error (code {RNS.hexrep(byte)})", RNS.LOG_ERROR)
                                 raise OSError("Unknown hardware failure")

RNS/Utilities/rnodeconf.py

@@ -278,8 +278,8 @@ models = {
     0xBB: [850000000, 950000000, 17, "850 - 950 MHz", "rnode_firmware_lora32v10.zip", "SX1276"],
     0xC4: [420000000, 520000000, 17, "420 - 520 MHz", "rnode_firmware_heltec32v2.zip", "SX1278"],
     0xC9: [850000000, 950000000, 17, "850 - 950 MHz", "rnode_firmware_heltec32v2.zip", "SX1276"],
-    0xC5: [470000000, 510000000, 21, "470 - 510 MHz", "rnode_firmware_heltec32v3.zip", "SX1262"],
-    0xCA: [863000000, 928000000, 21, "863 - 928 MHz", "rnode_firmware_heltec32v3.zip", "SX1262"],
+    0xC5: [420000000, 520000000, 21, "420 - 520 MHz", "rnode_firmware_heltec32v3.zip", "SX1262"],
+    0xCA: [850000000, 950000000, 21, "850 - 950 MHz", "rnode_firmware_heltec32v3.zip", "SX1262"],
     0xE4: [420000000, 520000000, 17, "420 - 520 MHz", "rnode_firmware_tbeam.zip", "SX1278"],
     0xE9: [850000000, 950000000, 17, "850 - 950 MHz", "rnode_firmware_tbeam.zip", "SX1276"],
     0xD4: [420000000, 520000000, 22, "420 - 520 MHz", "rnode_firmware_tdeck.zip", "SX1268"],
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ class RNode():
                                 command_buffer = command_buffer+bytes([byte])
                                 if (len(command_buffer) == 4):
                                     self.r_bt_pin = command_buffer[0] << 24 | command_buffer[1] << 16 | command_buffer[2] << 8 | command_buffer[3]
-                                    RNS.log("Bluetooth pairing PIN is: {:06d}".format(self.r_bt_pin))
+                                    RNS.log(f"Bluetooth pairing PIN is: {self.r_bt_pin:06d}")
 
                         elif (command == KISS.CMD_DEV_HASH):
                             if (byte == KISS.FESC):

RNS/Utilities/rnprobe.py

@@ -178,11 +178,7 @@ def program_setup(configdir, destination_hexhash, size=None, full_name = None, v
                             reception_stats += f" [SNR {receipt.proof_packet.snr} dB]"
 
                 print(
-                    "Valid reply from "+
-                    RNS.prettyhexrep(receipt.destination.hash)+
-                    "\nRound-trip time is "+rttstring+
-                    " over "+str(hops)+" hop"+ms+
-                    reception_stats+"\n"
+                    f"Valid reply from {RNS.prettyhexrep(receipt.destination.hash)}\nRound-trip time is {rttstring} over {hops} hop{ms}{reception_stats}\n"
                 )
 
             else:

RNS/Utilities/rnstatus.py

@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ def size_str(num, suffix='B'):
     for unit in units:
         if abs(num) < 1000.0:
             if unit == "":
-                return "{:.0f} {}{}".format(num, unit, suffix)
+                return f"{num:.0f} {unit}{suffix}"
             else:
-                return "{:.2f} {}{}".format(num, unit, suffix)
+                return f"{num:.2f} {unit}{suffix}"
         num /= 1000.0
 
-    return "{:.2f}{}{}".format(num, last_unit, suffix)
+    return f"{num:.2f}{last_unit}{suffix}"
 
 request_result = None
 request_concluded = False
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ def program_setup(configdir, dispall=False, verbosity=0, name_filter=None, json=
         try:
             dest_len = (RNS.Reticulum.TRUNCATED_HASHLENGTH//8)*2
             if len(remote) != dest_len:
-                raise ValueError("Destination length is invalid, must be {hex} hexadecimal characters ({byte} bytes).".format(hex=dest_len, byte=dest_len//2))
+                raise ValueError(f"Destination length is invalid, must be {dest_len} hexadecimal characters ({dest_len // 2} bytes).")
             try:
                 identity_hash = bytes.fromhex(remote)
                 destination_hash = RNS.Destination.hash_from_name_and_identity("rnstransport.remote.management", identity_hash)
@@ -281,13 +281,13 @@ def program_setup(configdir, dispall=False, verbosity=0, name_filter=None, json=
                         if "ifac_netname" in ifstat and ifstat["ifac_netname"] != None:
                             print("    Network   : {nn}".format(nn=ifstat["ifac_netname"]))
 
-                        print("    Status    : {ss}".format(ss=ss))
+                        print(f"    Status    : {ss}")
 
                         if clients != None and clients_string != "":
                             print("    "+clients_string)
 
                         if not (name.startswith("Shared Instance[") or name.startswith("TCPInterface[Client") or name.startswith("LocalInterface[")):
-                            print("    Mode      : {mode}".format(mode=modestr))
+                            print(f"    Mode      : {modestr}")
 
                         if "bitrate" in ifstat and ifstat["bitrate"] != None:
                             print("    Rate      : {ss}".format(ss=speed_str(ifstat["bitrate"])))
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ def program_setup(configdir, dispall=False, verbosity=0, name_filter=None, json=
                         if "battery_percent" in ifstat and ifstat["battery_percent"] != None:
                             try:
                                 bpi = int(ifstat["battery_percent"])
-                                print("    Battery   : {bp}%".format(bp=bpi))
+                                print(f"    Battery   : {bpi}%")
                             except:
                                 pass
 
@@ -488,10 +488,10 @@ def speed_str(num, suffix='bps'):
 
     for unit in units:
         if abs(num) < 1000.0:
-            return "{:3.2f} {}{}".format(num, unit, suffix)
+            return f"{num:3.2f} {unit}{suffix}"
         num /= 1000.0
 
-    return "{:.2f} {}{}".format(num, last_unit, suffix)
+    return f"{num:.2f} {last_unit}{suffix}"
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()

RNS/__init__.py

@@ -159,12 +159,12 @@ def hexrep(data, delimit=True):
     delimiter = ":"
     if not delimit:
         delimiter = ""
-    hexrep = delimiter.join("{:02x}".format(c) for c in data)
+    hexrep = delimiter.join(f"{c:02x}" for c in data)
     return hexrep
 
 def prettyhexrep(data):
     delimiter = ""
-    hexrep = "<"+delimiter.join("{:02x}".format(c) for c in data)+">"
+    hexrep = "<"+delimiter.join(f"{c:02x}" for c in data)+">"
     return hexrep
 
 def prettyspeed(num, suffix="b"):
@@ -182,12 +182,12 @@ def prettysize(num, suffix='B'):
     for unit in units:
         if abs(num) < 1000.0:
             if unit == "":
-                return "{:.0f} {}{}".format(num, unit, suffix)
+                return f"{num:.0f} {unit}{suffix}"
             else:
-                return "{:.2f} {}{}".format(num, unit, suffix)
+                return f"{num:.2f} {unit}{suffix}"
         num /= 1000.0
 
-    return "{:.2f}{}{}".format(num, last_unit, suffix)
+    return f"{num:.2f}{last_unit}{suffix}"
 
 def prettyfrequency(hz, suffix="Hz"):
     num = hz*1e6
@@ -196,10 +196,10 @@ def prettyfrequency(hz, suffix="Hz"):
 
     for unit in units:
         if abs(num) < 1000.0:
-            return "{:.2f} {}{}".format(num, unit, suffix)
+            return f"{num:.2f} {unit}{suffix}"
         num /= 1000.0
 
-    return "{:.2f}{}{}".format(num, last_unit, suffix)
+    return f"{num:.2f}{last_unit}{suffix}"
 
 def prettydistance(m, suffix="m"):
     num = m*1e6
@@ -212,10 +212,10 @@ def prettydistance(m, suffix="m"):
         if unit == "c": divisor = 100
 
         if abs(num) < divisor:
-            return "{:.2f} {}{}".format(num, unit, suffix)
+            return f"{num:.2f} {unit}{suffix}"
         num /= divisor
 
-    return "{:.2f} {}{}".format(num, last_unit, suffix)
+    return f"{num:.2f} {last_unit}{suffix}"
 
 def prettytime(time, verbose=False, compact=False):
     days = int(time // (24 * 3600))

RNS/vendor/configobj.py

@@ -745,7 +745,7 @@ class Section(dict):
                 return self[key]
             except MissingInterpolationOption:
                 return dict.__getitem__(self, key)
-        return '{%s}' % ', '.join([('{}: {}'.format(repr(key), repr(_getval(key))))
+        return '{%s}' % ', '.join([f'{key!r}: {_getval(key)!r}'
             for key in (self.scalars + self.sections)])
 
     __str__ = __repr__
@@ -1363,9 +1363,7 @@ class ConfigObj(Section):
                 return self[key]
             except MissingInterpolationOption:
                 return dict.__getitem__(self, key)
-        return ('ConfigObj({%s})' %
-                ', '.join([('{}: {}'.format(repr(key), repr(_getval(key))))
-                for key in (self.scalars + self.sections)]))
+        return ('ConfigObj({%s})' % ', '.join([f'{key!r}: {_getval(key)!r}' for key in (self.scalars + self.sections)]))
 
 
     def _handle_bom(self, infile):
@@ -1986,20 +1984,12 @@ class ConfigObj(Section):
             val = self._decode_element(self._quote(this_entry))
         else:
             val = repr(this_entry)
-        return '{}{}{}{}{}'.format(indent_string,
-                               self._decode_element(self._quote(entry, multiline=False)),
-                               self._a_to_u(' = '),
-                               val,
-                               self._decode_element(comment))
+        return f"{indent_string}{self._decode_element(self._quote(entry, multiline=False))}{self._a_to_u(' = ')}{val}{self._decode_element(comment)}"
 
 
     def _write_marker(self, indent_string, depth, entry, comment):
         """Write a section marker line"""
-        return '{}{}{}{}{}'.format(indent_string,
-                               self._a_to_u('[' * depth),
-                               self._quote(self._decode_element(entry), multiline=False),
-                               self._a_to_u(']' * depth),
-                               self._decode_element(comment))
+        return f"{indent_string}{self._a_to_u('[' * depth)}{self._quote(self._decode_element(entry), multiline=False)}{self._a_to_u(']' * depth)}{self._decode_element(comment)}"
 
 
     def _handle_comment(self, comment):

RNS/vendor/i2plib/sam.py

@@ -54,13 +54,11 @@ def hello(min_version, max_version):
     return f"HELLO VERSION MIN={min_version} MAX={max_version}\n".encode()
 
 def session_create(style, session_id, destination, options=""):
-    return "SESSION CREATE STYLE={} ID={} DESTINATION={} {}\n".format(
-            style, session_id, destination, options).encode()
+    return f"SESSION CREATE STYLE={style} ID={session_id} DESTINATION={destination} {options}\n".encode()
 
 
 def stream_connect(session_id, destination, silent="false"):
-    return "STREAM CONNECT ID={} DESTINATION={} SILENT={}\n".format(
-            session_id, destination, silent).encode()
+    return f"STREAM CONNECT ID={session_id} DESTINATION={destination} SILENT={silent}\n".encode()
 
 def stream_accept(session_id, silent="false"):
     return f"STREAM ACCEPT ID={session_id} SILENT={silent}\n".encode()

RNS/vendor/i2plib/tunnel.py

@@ -141,8 +141,7 @@ class ServerTunnel(I2PTunnel):
                 # data and dest may come in one chunk
                 dest, data = incoming.split(b"\n", 1)
                 remote_destination = sam.Destination(dest.decode())
-                logger.debug("{} client connected: {}.b32.i2p".format(
-                    self.session_name, remote_destination.base32))
+                logger.debug(f"{self.session_name} client connected: {remote_destination.base32}.b32.i2p")
 
             except Exception as e:
                 self.status["exception"] = e

RNS/vendor/ifaddr/_shared.py

@@ -58,9 +58,7 @@ class Adapter:
         self.index = index
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return "Adapter(name={name}, nice_name={nice_name}, ips={ips}, index={index})".format(
-            name=repr(self.name), nice_name=repr(self.nice_name), ips=repr(self.ips), index=repr(self.index)
-        )
+        return f"Adapter(name={self.name!r}, nice_name={self.nice_name!r}, ips={self.ips!r}, index={self.index!r})"
 
 
 # Type of an IPv4 address (a string in "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx" format)
@@ -112,9 +110,7 @@ class IP:
         return isinstance(self.ip, tuple)
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return "IP(ip={ip}, network_prefix={network_prefix}, nice_name={nice_name})".format(
-            ip=repr(self.ip), network_prefix=repr(self.network_prefix), nice_name=repr(self.nice_name)
-        )
+        return f"IP(ip={self.ip!r}, network_prefix={self.network_prefix!r}, nice_name={self.nice_name!r})"
 
 
 if platform.system() == "Darwin" or "BSD" in platform.system():

RNS/vendor/six.py

@@ -964,9 +964,7 @@ def python_2_unicode_compatible(klass):
     """
     if PY2:
         if '__str__' not in klass.__dict__:
-            raise ValueError("@python_2_unicode_compatible cannot be applied "
-                             "to %s because it doesn't define __str__()." %
-                             klass.__name__)
+            raise ValueError(f"@python_2_unicode_compatible cannot be applied to {klass.__name__} because it doesn't define __str__().")
         klass.__unicode__ = klass.__str__
         klass.__str__ = lambda self: self.__unicode__().encode('utf-8')
     return klass

RNS/vendor/umsgpack.py

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ class Ext:
         if not isinstance(type, int):
             raise TypeError("ext type is not type integer")
         elif not (-2**7 <= type <= 2**7 - 1):
-            raise ValueError(f"ext type value {type:d} is out of range (-128 to 127)")
+            raise ValueError(f"ext type value {type} is out of range (-128 to 127)")
         # Check data is type bytes or str
         elif sys.version_info[0] == 3 and not isinstance(data, bytes):
             raise TypeError("ext data is not type \'bytes\'")
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ class Ext:
         """
         String representation of this Ext object.
         """
-        s = f"Ext Object (Type: {self.type:d}, Data: "
+        s = f"Ext Object (Type: {self.type}, Data: "
         s += " ".join([f"0x{ord(self.data[i:i + 1]):02}"
                        for i in xrange(min(len(self.data), 8))])
         if len(self.data) > 8:
@@ -177,11 +177,11 @@ def ext_serializable(ext_type):
         if not isinstance(ext_type, int):
             raise TypeError("Ext type is not type integer")
         elif not (-2**7 <= ext_type <= 2**7 - 1):
-            raise ValueError(f"Ext type value {ext_type:d} is out of range of -128 to 127")
+            raise ValueError(f"Ext type value {ext_type} is out of range of -128 to 127")
         elif ext_type in _ext_type_to_class:
-            raise ValueError(f"Ext type {ext_type:d} already registered with class {repr(_ext_type_to_class[ext_type]):s}")
+            raise ValueError(f"Ext type {ext_type} already registered with class {_ext_type_to_class[ext_type]!r}")
         elif cls in _ext_class_to_type:
-            raise ValueError(f"Class {repr(cls):s} already registered with Ext type {ext_type:d}")
+            raise ValueError(f"Class {cls!r} already registered with Ext type {ext_type}")
 
         _ext_type_to_class[ext_type] = cls
         _ext_class_to_type[cls] = ext_type
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ def _pack2(obj, fp, **options):
         try:
             _pack_ext(Ext(_ext_class_to_type[obj.__class__], obj.packb()), fp, options)
         except AttributeError:
-            raise NotImplementedError(f"Ext serializable class {repr(obj.__class__):s} is missing implementation of packb()")
+            raise NotImplementedError(f"Ext serializable class {obj.__class__!r} is missing implementation of packb()")
     elif isinstance(obj, bool):
         _pack_boolean(obj, fp, options)
     elif isinstance(obj, (int, long)):
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ def _pack2(obj, fp, **options):
             _pack_ext(ext_handlers[t](obj), fp, options)
         else:
             raise UnsupportedTypeException(
-                f"unsupported type: {str(type(obj)):s}")
+                f"unsupported type: {type(obj)}")
     elif _ext_class_to_type:
         # Linear search for superclass
         t = next((t for t in _ext_class_to_type if isinstance(obj, t)), None)
@@ -533,11 +533,11 @@ def _pack2(obj, fp, **options):
             try:
                 _pack_ext(Ext(_ext_class_to_type[t], obj.packb()), fp, options)
             except AttributeError:
-                raise NotImplementedError(f"Ext serializable class {repr(t):s} is missing implementation of packb()")
+                raise NotImplementedError(f"Ext serializable class {t!r} is missing implementation of packb()")
         else:
-            raise UnsupportedTypeException(f"unsupported type: {str(type(obj)):s}")
+            raise UnsupportedTypeException(f"unsupported type: {type(obj)}")
     else:
-        raise UnsupportedTypeException(f"unsupported type: {str(type(obj)):s}")
+        raise UnsupportedTypeException(f"unsupported type: {type(obj)}")
 
 
 # Pack for Python 3, with unicode 'str' type, 'bytes' type, and no 'long' type
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@ def _pack3(obj, fp, **options):
         try:
             _pack_ext(Ext(_ext_class_to_type[obj.__class__], obj.packb()), fp, options)
         except AttributeError:
-            raise NotImplementedError(f"Ext serializable class {repr(obj.__class__):s} is missing implementation of packb()")
+            raise NotImplementedError(f"Ext serializable class {obj.__class__!r} is missing implementation of packb()")
     elif isinstance(obj, bool):
         _pack_boolean(obj, fp, options)
     elif isinstance(obj, int):
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ def _pack3(obj, fp, **options):
             _pack_ext(ext_handlers[t](obj), fp, options)
         else:
             raise UnsupportedTypeException(
-                f"unsupported type: {str(type(obj)):s}")
+                f"unsupported type: {type(obj)}")
     elif _ext_class_to_type:
         # Linear search for superclass
         t = next((t for t in _ext_class_to_type if isinstance(obj, t)), None)
@@ -620,12 +620,12 @@ def _pack3(obj, fp, **options):
             try:
                 _pack_ext(Ext(_ext_class_to_type[t], obj.packb()), fp, options)
             except AttributeError:
-                raise NotImplementedError(f"Ext serializable class {repr(t):s} is missing implementation of packb()")
+                raise NotImplementedError(f"Ext serializable class {t!r} is missing implementation of packb()")
         else:
-            raise UnsupportedTypeException(f"unsupported type: {str(type(obj)):s}")
+            raise UnsupportedTypeException(f"unsupported type: {type(obj)}")
     else:
         raise UnsupportedTypeException(
-            f"unsupported type: {str(type(obj)):s}")
+            f"unsupported type: {type(obj)}")
 
 
 def _packb2(obj, **options):
@@ -842,7 +842,7 @@ def _unpack_ext(code, fp, options):
         try:
             return _ext_type_to_class[ext_type].unpackb(ext_data)
         except AttributeError:
-            raise NotImplementedError(f"Ext serializable class {repr(_ext_type_to_class[ext_type]):s} is missing implementation of unpackb()")
+            raise NotImplementedError(f"Ext serializable class {_ext_type_to_class[ext_type]!r} is missing implementation of unpackb()")
 
     # Timestamp extension
     if ext_type == -1:
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ def _unpack_ext_timestamp(ext_data, options):
         microseconds = struct.unpack(">I", ext_data[0:4])[0] // 1000
     else:
         raise UnsupportedTimestampException(
-            f"unsupported timestamp with data length {len(ext_data):d}")
+            f"unsupported timestamp with data length {len(ext_data)}")
 
     return _epoch + datetime.timedelta(seconds=seconds,
                                        microseconds=microseconds)
@@ -916,10 +916,10 @@ def _unpack_map(code, fp, options):
             k = _deep_list_to_tuple(k)
         elif not isinstance(k, Hashable):
             raise UnhashableKeyException(
-                f"encountered unhashable key: \"{str(k):s}\" ({str(type(k)):s})")
+                f"encountered unhashable key: \"{k}\" ({type(k)})")
         elif k in d:
             raise DuplicateKeyException(
-                f"encountered duplicate key: \"{str(k):s}\" ({str(type(k)):s})")
+                f"encountered duplicate key: \"{k}\" ({type(k)})")
 
         # Unpack value
         v = _unpack(fp, options)
@@ -928,7 +928,7 @@ def _unpack_map(code, fp, options):
             d[k] = v
         except TypeError:
             raise UnhashableKeyException(
-                f"encountered unhashable key: \"{str(k):s}\"")
+                f"encountered unhashable key: \"{k}\"")
     return d