From 9c995b33dd5283b29a892dc4ca36caa80f213142 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Qvist Date: Thu, 20 May 2021 16:06:12 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Updated documentation --- README.md | 2 +- .../_sources/gettingstartedfast.rst.txt | 3 +- docs/manual/_sources/understanding.rst.txt | 45 ++++++++++---- docs/manual/_sources/whatis.rst.txt | 8 ++- docs/manual/gettingstartedfast.html | 3 +- docs/manual/searchindex.js | 2 +- docs/manual/understanding.html | 61 ++++++++++++++----- docs/manual/whatis.html | 7 ++- docs/source/gettingstartedfast.rst | 3 +- docs/source/understanding.rst | 45 ++++++++++---- docs/source/whatis.rst | 8 ++- 11 files changed, 132 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 6b30885..4b496b2 100755 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ For more info, see [unsigned.io/projects/reticulum](https://unsigned.io/projects - Coordination-less globally unique adressing and identification - Fully self-configuring multi-hop routing - Asymmetric X25519 encryption and Ed25519 signatures as a basis for all communication - - Forward Secrecy with ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys (on Curve25519) + - Forward Secrecy with ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys on Curve25519 - Reticulum uses the [Fernet](https://github.com/fernet/spec/blob/master/Spec.md) specification for encryption - AES-128 in CBC mode with PKCS7 padding - HMAC using SHA256 for authentication diff --git a/docs/manual/_sources/gettingstartedfast.rst.txt b/docs/manual/_sources/gettingstartedfast.rst.txt index 44aae17..4d9a55c 100644 --- a/docs/manual/_sources/gettingstartedfast.rst.txt +++ b/docs/manual/_sources/gettingstartedfast.rst.txt @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ ******************** Getting Started Fast ******************** -What do we want to do? Something! When do we want to do it? Right now! Let's go. The best way to get started with the Reticulum Network Stack depends on what you want to do. This guide will outline sensible starting paths for different @@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ in the development for the messaging and information-sharing protocol Develop a Program with Reticulum =========================================== If you want to develop programs that use Reticulum, the easiest way to get -started is to install Reticulum via pip: +started is to install the latest release of Reticulum via pip: .. code:: diff --git a/docs/manual/_sources/understanding.rst.txt b/docs/manual/_sources/understanding.rst.txt index e431da9..a34371b 100644 --- a/docs/manual/_sources/understanding.rst.txt +++ b/docs/manual/_sources/understanding.rst.txt @@ -308,10 +308,26 @@ Reaching the Destination In networks with changing topology and trustless connectivity, nodes need a way to establish *verified connectivity* with each other. Since the network is assumed to be trustless, Reticulum must provide a way to guarantee that the peer you are communicating with is actually who you -expect. To do this, the following process is employed: +expect. Reticulum offers two ways to do this. + +For exchanges of small amounts of information, Reticulum offers the *Packet* API, which works exactly like you would expect - on a per packet level. The following process is employed when sending a packet: + +* | A packet is always created with an associated destination and some payload data. When the packet is sent to a *single* destination type, Reticulum will automatically create an ephemeral encryption key, perform an ECDH key exchange with the destinations public key, and encrypt the information. + +* | It is important to note that this key exchange does not require any network traffic. The sender already knows the public key of the destination from an earlier received *announce*, and can thus perform the ECDH key exchange locally. + +* | The public key part of the newly generated ephemeral key is included with the encrypted token, and sent along with the encrypted payload data in the packet. + +* | When the destination receives the packet, it can itself perform an ECDH key exchange and decrypt the packet. + +* | A new ephemeral key is used for every packet sent in this way, and forward secrecy is guaranteed on a per packet level. + +* | In case the packet is addressed to a *group* destination type, the packet will be encrypted with the pre-shared AES-128 key associated with the destination. In case the packet is addressed to a *plain* destination type, the payload data will not be encrypted. Neither of these two destination types offer forward secrecy. In general, it is recommended to always use the *single* destination type, unless it is strictly necessary to use one of the others. -* | First, the node that wishes to establish connectivity will send out a special packet, that +For exchanges of larger amounts of data, or when longer sessions of bidirectional communication is desired, Reticulum offers the *Link* API. To establish a *link*, the following process is employed: + +* | First, the node that wishes to establish a link will send out a special packet, that traverses the network and locates the desired destination. Along the way, the nodes that forward the packet will take note of this *link request*. @@ -333,19 +349,19 @@ expect. To do this, the following process is employed: sending node can obtain verified confirmation that the information reached the intended recipient. -In a moment, we will discuss the specifics of how this methodology is implemented, but let’s first -recap what purposes this serves. We first ensure that the node answering our request is actually the -one we want to communicate with, and not a malicious actor pretending to be so. At the same time -we establish an efficient encrypted channel. The setup of this is relatively cheap in terms of -bandwidth, so it can be used just for a short exchange, and then recreated as needed, which will also -rotate encryption keys, but the link can also be kept alive for longer periods of time, if this is +In a moment, we will discuss the details of how this methodology is implemented, but let’s first +recap what purposes this methodology serves. We first ensure that the node answering our request +is actually the one we want to communicate with, and not a malicious actor pretending to be so. +At the same time we establish an efficient encrypted channel. The setup of this is relatively cheap in +terms of bandwidth, so it can be used just for a short exchange, and then recreated as needed, which will +also rotate encryption keys, but the link can also be kept alive for longer periods of time, if this is more suitable to the application. The amount of bandwidth used on keeping a link open is practically negligible. The procedure also inserts the *link id* , a hash calculated from the link request packet, into the memory of forwarding nodes, which means that the communicating nodes can thereafter reach each other simply by referring to this *link id*. -Step 1: Pathfinding -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ +Pathfinding in Detail +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The pathfinding method builds on the *announce* functionality discussed earlier. When an announce is sent out by a node, it will be forwarded by any node receiving it, but according to some specific @@ -392,8 +408,8 @@ distance of *Lavg =* 15 kilometers, an announce will be able to propagate outwar kilometers in 34 minutes, and a *maximum announce radius* of 270 kilometers in approximately 3 days. -Step 2: Link Establishment -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ +Link Establishment in Detail +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ After seeing how the conditions for finding a path through the network are created, we will now explore how two nodes can establish reliable communications over multiple hops. The *link* in @@ -450,6 +466,11 @@ reveal any identifying information about itself. The link initiator remains comp When using *links*, Reticulum will automatically verify all data sent over the link, and can also automate retransmissions if *Resources* are used. +Proven Delivery +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +TODO: Write + .. _understanding-resources: Resources diff --git a/docs/manual/_sources/whatis.rst.txt b/docs/manual/_sources/whatis.rst.txt index b6113da..0b8c97c 100644 --- a/docs/manual/_sources/whatis.rst.txt +++ b/docs/manual/_sources/whatis.rst.txt @@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ What does Reticulum Offer? * Fully self-configuring multi-hop routing -* Asymmetric RSA encryption and signatures as basis for all communication +* Asymmetric X25519 encryption and Ed25519 signatures as a basis for all communication -* Perfect Forward Secrecy on links with ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys (on Curve25519) +* Forward Secrecy with ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys on Curve25519 -* Reticulum uses the Fernet specification for encryption on links and to group destinations +* Reticulum uses the `Fernet `_ specification for encryption * AES-128 in CBC mode with PKCS7 padding @@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ What does Reticulum Offer? * IVs are generated through os.urandom() + * Keys are ephemeral and derived from an ECDH key exchange on Curve25519 + * Unforgeable packet delivery confirmations * A variety of supported interface types diff --git a/docs/manual/gettingstartedfast.html b/docs/manual/gettingstartedfast.html index 5e9c6aa..0d1ba0c 100644 --- a/docs/manual/gettingstartedfast.html +++ b/docs/manual/gettingstartedfast.html @@ -43,7 +43,6 @@

Getting Started Fast

-

What do we want to do? Something! When do we want to do it? Right now! Let’s go.

The best way to get started with the Reticulum Network Stack depends on what you want to do. This guide will outline sensible starting paths for different scenarios.

@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ in the development for the messaging and information-sharing protocol

Develop a Program with Reticulum

If you want to develop programs that use Reticulum, the easiest way to get -started is to install Reticulum via pip:

+started is to install the latest release of Reticulum via pip:

pip3 install rns
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Started Fast","Reticulum Network Stack Manual","API Reference","Understanding Reticulum","What is Reticulum?"],titleterms:{"1":[],"2":[],"class":3,"function":4,"public":4,"try":1,announc:[0,4],api:3,base:1,basic:4,binari:4,broadcast:0,can:5,caveat:5,current:5,deliveri:4,destin:[3,4],detail:4,develop:1,devic:5,doe:5,echo:0,emptor:5,establish:4,exampl:0,fast:1,filetransf:0,format:4,further:4,get:[1,4],goal:4,ident:[3,4],indic:2,interfac:5,introduct:4,kei:4,link:[0,3,4],manual:2,minim:0,motiv:4,name:4,network:2,node:4,offer:5,packet:[3,4],particip:1,pathfind:4,prioritis:4,program:1,protocol:4,proven:4,reach:4,receipt:3,refer:[3,4],resourc:[3,4],reticulum:[1,2,3,4,5],setup:4,specif:4,stack:2,start:1,statu:5,step:[],support:5,system:4,tabl:2,transport:[3,4],type:[4,5],understand:4,us:[1,5],what:5,where:5}}) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/manual/understanding.html b/docs/manual/understanding.html index 93215fd..26a6b18 100644 --- a/docs/manual/understanding.html +++ b/docs/manual/understanding.html @@ -333,10 +333,38 @@ destination, and resources that help make reliable data transfer more e

In networks with changing topology and trustless connectivity, nodes need a way to establish verified connectivity with each other. Since the network is assumed to be trustless, Reticulum must provide a way to guarantee that the peer you are communicating with is actually who you -expect. To do this, the following process is employed:

+expect. Reticulum offers two ways to do this.

+

For exchanges of small amounts of information, Reticulum offers the Packet API, which works exactly like you would expect - on a per packet level. The following process is employed when sending a packet:

  • -
    First, the node that wishes to establish connectivity will send out a special packet, that +
    A packet is always created with an associated destination and some payload data. When the packet is sent to a single destination type, Reticulum will automatically create an ephemeral encryption key, perform an ECDH key exchange with the destinations public key, and encrypt the information.
    +
    +
    • +
  • +
    It is important to note that this key exchange does not require any network traffic. The sender already knows the public key of the destination from an earlier received announce, and can thus perform the ECDH key exchange locally.
    +
    +
    • +
  • +
    The public key part of the newly generated ephemeral key is included with the encrypted token, and sent along with the encrypted payload data in the packet.
    +
    +
    • +
  • +
    When the destination receives the packet, it can itself perform an ECDH key exchange and decrypt the packet.
    +
    +
    • +
  • +
    A new ephemeral key is used for every packet sent in this way, and forward secrecy is guaranteed on a per packet level.
    +
    +
    • +
  • +
    In case the packet is addressed to a group destination type, the packet will be encrypted with the pre-shared AES-128 key associated with the destination. In case the packet is addressed to a plain destination type, the payload data will not be encrypted. Neither of these two destination types offer forward secrecy. In general, it is recommended to always use the single destination type, unless it is strictly necessary to use one of the others.
    +
    +
    • +
+

For exchanges of larger amounts of data, or when longer sessions of bidirectional communication is desired, Reticulum offers the Link API. To establish a link, the following process is employed:

+
    +
  • +
    First, the node that wishes to establish a link will send out a special packet, that traverses the network and locates the desired destination. Along the way, the nodes that forward the packet will take note of this link request.
    @@ -368,18 +396,18 @@ recipient.
-

In a moment, we will discuss the specifics of how this methodology is implemented, but let’s first -recap what purposes this serves. We first ensure that the node answering our request is actually the -one we want to communicate with, and not a malicious actor pretending to be so. At the same time -we establish an efficient encrypted channel. The setup of this is relatively cheap in terms of -bandwidth, so it can be used just for a short exchange, and then recreated as needed, which will also -rotate encryption keys, but the link can also be kept alive for longer periods of time, if this is +

In a moment, we will discuss the details of how this methodology is implemented, but let’s first +recap what purposes this methodology serves. We first ensure that the node answering our request +is actually the one we want to communicate with, and not a malicious actor pretending to be so. +At the same time we establish an efficient encrypted channel. The setup of this is relatively cheap in +terms of bandwidth, so it can be used just for a short exchange, and then recreated as needed, which will +also rotate encryption keys, but the link can also be kept alive for longer periods of time, if this is more suitable to the application. The amount of bandwidth used on keeping a link open is practically negligible. The procedure also inserts the link id , a hash calculated from the link request packet, into the memory of forwarding nodes, which means that the communicating nodes can thereafter reach each other simply by referring to this link id.

-
-

Step 1: Pathfinding

+
+

Pathfinding in Detail

The pathfinding method builds on the announce functionality discussed earlier. When an announce is sent out by a node, it will be forwarded by any node receiving it, but according to some specific rules:

@@ -440,8 +468,8 @@ distance of Lavg = 15 kilometers, an announce will be able to propagate kilometers in 34 minutes, and a maximum announce radius of 270 kilometers in approximately 3 days.

-

Resources

@@ -741,8 +773,9 @@ proof 11
  • Reticulum Transport
    • Reaching the Destination
    • Resources
      • diff --git a/docs/manual/whatis.html b/docs/manual/whatis.html index 430d593..10d4a4e 100644 --- a/docs/manual/whatis.html +++ b/docs/manual/whatis.html @@ -59,13 +59,14 @@

      • Coordination-less globally unique adressing and identification

      • Fully self-configuring multi-hop routing

        • -

      • Asymmetric RSA encryption and signatures as basis for all communication

        • -

      • Perfect Forward Secrecy on links with ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys (on Curve25519)

        • -

      • Reticulum uses the Fernet specification for encryption on links and to group destinations

        +

      • Asymmetric X25519 encryption and Ed25519 signatures as a basis for all communication

        • +

      • Forward Secrecy with ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys on Curve25519

        • +

      • Reticulum uses the Fernet specification for encryption

        • AES-128 in CBC mode with PKCS7 padding

        • HMAC using SHA256 for authentication

        • IVs are generated through os.urandom()

          • +

        • Keys are ephemeral and derived from an ECDH key exchange on Curve25519

      • Unforgeable packet delivery confirmations

        • diff --git a/docs/source/gettingstartedfast.rst b/docs/source/gettingstartedfast.rst index 44aae17..4d9a55c 100644 --- a/docs/source/gettingstartedfast.rst +++ b/docs/source/gettingstartedfast.rst @@ -1,7 +1,6 @@ ******************** Getting Started Fast ******************** -What do we want to do? Something! When do we want to do it? Right now! Let's go. The best way to get started with the Reticulum Network Stack depends on what you want to do. This guide will outline sensible starting paths for different @@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ in the development for the messaging and information-sharing protocol Develop a Program with Reticulum =========================================== If you want to develop programs that use Reticulum, the easiest way to get -started is to install Reticulum via pip: +started is to install the latest release of Reticulum via pip: .. code:: diff --git a/docs/source/understanding.rst b/docs/source/understanding.rst index e431da9..a34371b 100644 --- a/docs/source/understanding.rst +++ b/docs/source/understanding.rst @@ -308,10 +308,26 @@ Reaching the Destination In networks with changing topology and trustless connectivity, nodes need a way to establish *verified connectivity* with each other. Since the network is assumed to be trustless, Reticulum must provide a way to guarantee that the peer you are communicating with is actually who you -expect. To do this, the following process is employed: +expect. Reticulum offers two ways to do this. + +For exchanges of small amounts of information, Reticulum offers the *Packet* API, which works exactly like you would expect - on a per packet level. The following process is employed when sending a packet: + +* | A packet is always created with an associated destination and some payload data. When the packet is sent to a *single* destination type, Reticulum will automatically create an ephemeral encryption key, perform an ECDH key exchange with the destinations public key, and encrypt the information. + +* | It is important to note that this key exchange does not require any network traffic. The sender already knows the public key of the destination from an earlier received *announce*, and can thus perform the ECDH key exchange locally. + +* | The public key part of the newly generated ephemeral key is included with the encrypted token, and sent along with the encrypted payload data in the packet. + +* | When the destination receives the packet, it can itself perform an ECDH key exchange and decrypt the packet. + +* | A new ephemeral key is used for every packet sent in this way, and forward secrecy is guaranteed on a per packet level. + +* | In case the packet is addressed to a *group* destination type, the packet will be encrypted with the pre-shared AES-128 key associated with the destination. In case the packet is addressed to a *plain* destination type, the payload data will not be encrypted. Neither of these two destination types offer forward secrecy. In general, it is recommended to always use the *single* destination type, unless it is strictly necessary to use one of the others. -* | First, the node that wishes to establish connectivity will send out a special packet, that +For exchanges of larger amounts of data, or when longer sessions of bidirectional communication is desired, Reticulum offers the *Link* API. To establish a *link*, the following process is employed: + +* | First, the node that wishes to establish a link will send out a special packet, that traverses the network and locates the desired destination. Along the way, the nodes that forward the packet will take note of this *link request*. @@ -333,19 +349,19 @@ expect. To do this, the following process is employed: sending node can obtain verified confirmation that the information reached the intended recipient. -In a moment, we will discuss the specifics of how this methodology is implemented, but let’s first -recap what purposes this serves. We first ensure that the node answering our request is actually the -one we want to communicate with, and not a malicious actor pretending to be so. At the same time -we establish an efficient encrypted channel. The setup of this is relatively cheap in terms of -bandwidth, so it can be used just for a short exchange, and then recreated as needed, which will also -rotate encryption keys, but the link can also be kept alive for longer periods of time, if this is +In a moment, we will discuss the details of how this methodology is implemented, but let’s first +recap what purposes this methodology serves. We first ensure that the node answering our request +is actually the one we want to communicate with, and not a malicious actor pretending to be so. +At the same time we establish an efficient encrypted channel. The setup of this is relatively cheap in +terms of bandwidth, so it can be used just for a short exchange, and then recreated as needed, which will +also rotate encryption keys, but the link can also be kept alive for longer periods of time, if this is more suitable to the application. The amount of bandwidth used on keeping a link open is practically negligible. The procedure also inserts the *link id* , a hash calculated from the link request packet, into the memory of forwarding nodes, which means that the communicating nodes can thereafter reach each other simply by referring to this *link id*. -Step 1: Pathfinding -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ +Pathfinding in Detail +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ The pathfinding method builds on the *announce* functionality discussed earlier. When an announce is sent out by a node, it will be forwarded by any node receiving it, but according to some specific @@ -392,8 +408,8 @@ distance of *Lavg =* 15 kilometers, an announce will be able to propagate outwar kilometers in 34 minutes, and a *maximum announce radius* of 270 kilometers in approximately 3 days. -Step 2: Link Establishment -^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ +Link Establishment in Detail +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ After seeing how the conditions for finding a path through the network are created, we will now explore how two nodes can establish reliable communications over multiple hops. The *link* in @@ -450,6 +466,11 @@ reveal any identifying information about itself. The link initiator remains comp When using *links*, Reticulum will automatically verify all data sent over the link, and can also automate retransmissions if *Resources* are used. +Proven Delivery +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +TODO: Write + .. _understanding-resources: Resources diff --git a/docs/source/whatis.rst b/docs/source/whatis.rst index b6113da..0b8c97c 100644 --- a/docs/source/whatis.rst +++ b/docs/source/whatis.rst @@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ What does Reticulum Offer? * Fully self-configuring multi-hop routing -* Asymmetric RSA encryption and signatures as basis for all communication +* Asymmetric X25519 encryption and Ed25519 signatures as a basis for all communication -* Perfect Forward Secrecy on links with ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys (on Curve25519) +* Forward Secrecy with ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys on Curve25519 -* Reticulum uses the Fernet specification for encryption on links and to group destinations +* Reticulum uses the `Fernet `_ specification for encryption * AES-128 in CBC mode with PKCS7 padding @@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ What does Reticulum Offer? * IVs are generated through os.urandom() + * Keys are ephemeral and derived from an ECDH key exchange on Curve25519 + * Unforgeable packet delivery confirmations * A variety of supported interface types