Reticulum/Examples/Buffer.py

##########################################################
# This RNS example demonstrates how to set up a link to  #
# a destination, and pass binary data over it using a    #
# channel buffer.                                        #
##########################################################
from __future__ import annotations
import os
import sys
import time
import argparse
from datetime import datetime

import RNS
from RNS.vendor import umsgpack

# Let's define an app name. We'll use this for all
# destinations we create. Since this echo example
# is part of a range of example utilities, we'll put
# them all within the app namespace "example_utilities"
APP_NAME = "example_utilities"


##########################################################
#### Server Part #########################################
##########################################################

# A reference to the latest client link that connected
latest_client_link = None

# A reference to the latest buffer object
latest_buffer = None

# This initialisation is executed when the users chooses
# to run as a server
def server(configpath):
    # We must first initialise Reticulum
    reticulum = RNS.Reticulum(configpath)
    
    # Randomly create a new identity for our example
    server_identity = RNS.Identity()

    # We create a destination that clients can connect to. We
    # want clients to create links to this destination, so we
    # need to create a "single" destination type.
    server_destination = RNS.Destination(
        server_identity,
        RNS.Destination.IN,
        RNS.Destination.SINGLE,
        APP_NAME,
        "bufferexample"
    )

    # We configure a function that will get called every time
    # a new client creates a link to this destination.
    server_destination.set_link_established_callback(client_connected)

    # Everything's ready!
    # Let's Wait for client requests or user input
    server_loop(server_destination)

def server_loop(destination):
    # Let the user know that everything is ready
    RNS.log(
        "Link buffer example "+
        RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)+
        " running, waiting for a connection."
    )

    RNS.log("Hit enter to manually send an announce (Ctrl-C to quit)")

    # We enter a loop that runs until the users exits.
    # If the user hits enter, we will announce our server
    # destination on the network, which will let clients
    # know how to create messages directed towards it.
    while True:
        entered = input()
        destination.announce()
        RNS.log(f"Sent announce from {RNS.prettyhexrep(destination.hash)}")

# When a client establishes a link to our server
# destination, this function will be called with
# a reference to the link.
def client_connected(link):
    global latest_client_link, latest_buffer
    latest_client_link = link

    RNS.log("Client connected")
    link.set_link_closed_callback(client_disconnected)

    # If a new connection is received, the old reader
    # needs to be disconnected.
    if latest_buffer:
        latest_buffer.close()


    # Create buffer objects.
    #   The stream_id parameter to these functions is
    #   a bit like a file descriptor, except that it
    #   is unique to the *receiver*.
    #
    #   In this example, both the reader and the writer
    #   use stream_id = 0, but there are actually two
    #   separate unidirectional streams flowing in
    #   opposite directions.
    #
    channel = link.get_channel()
    latest_buffer = RNS.Buffer.create_bidirectional_buffer(0, 0, channel, server_buffer_ready)

def client_disconnected(link):
    RNS.log("Client disconnected")

def server_buffer_ready(ready_bytes: int):
    """
    Callback from buffer when buffer has data available

    :param ready_bytes: The number of bytes ready to read
    """
    global latest_buffer

    data = latest_buffer.read(ready_bytes)
    data = data.decode("utf-8")

    RNS.log(f"Received data over the buffer: {data}")

    reply_message = f"I received \"{data}\" over the buffer"
    reply_message = reply_message.encode("utf-8")
    latest_buffer.write(reply_message)
    latest_buffer.flush()




##########################################################
#### Client Part #########################################
##########################################################

# A reference to the server link
server_link = None

# A reference to the buffer object, needed to share the
# object from the link connected callback to the client
# loop.
buffer = None

# This initialisation is executed when the users chooses
# to run as a client
def client(destination_hexhash, configpath):
    # We need a binary representation of the destination
    # hash that was entered on the command line
    try:
        dest_len = (RNS.Reticulum.TRUNCATED_HASHLENGTH//8)*2
        if len(destination_hexhash) != dest_len:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Destination length is invalid, must be {dest_len} hexadecimal characters ({dest_len // 2} bytes)."
            )
            
        destination_hash = bytes.fromhex(destination_hexhash)
    except:
        RNS.log("Invalid destination entered. Check your input!\n")
        exit()

    # We must first initialise Reticulum
    reticulum = RNS.Reticulum(configpath)

    # Check if we know a path to the destination
    if not RNS.Transport.has_path(destination_hash):
        RNS.log("Destination is not yet known. Requesting path and waiting for announce to arrive...")
        RNS.Transport.request_path(destination_hash)
        while not RNS.Transport.has_path(destination_hash):
            time.sleep(0.1)

    # Recall the server identity
    server_identity = RNS.Identity.recall(destination_hash)

    # Inform the user that we'll begin connecting
    RNS.log("Establishing link with server...")

    # When the server identity is known, we set
    # up a destination
    server_destination = RNS.Destination(
        server_identity,
        RNS.Destination.OUT,
        RNS.Destination.SINGLE,
        APP_NAME,
        "bufferexample"
    )

    # And create a link
    link = RNS.Link(server_destination)

    # We'll also set up functions to inform the
    # user when the link is established or closed
    link.set_link_established_callback(link_established)
    link.set_link_closed_callback(link_closed)

    # Everything is set up, so let's enter a loop
    # for the user to interact with the example
    client_loop()

def client_loop():
    global server_link

    # Wait for the link to become active
    while not server_link:
        time.sleep(0.1)

    should_quit = False
    while not should_quit:
        try:
            print("> ", end=" ")
            text = input()

            # Check if we should quit the example
            if text == "quit" or text == "q" or text == "exit":
                should_quit = True
                server_link.teardown()
            else:
                # Otherwise, encode the text and write it to the buffer.
                text = text.encode("utf-8")
                buffer.write(text)
                # Flush the buffer to force the data to be sent.
                buffer.flush()


        except Exception as e:
            RNS.log(f"Error while sending data over the link buffer: {e}")
            should_quit = True
            server_link.teardown()

# This function is called when a link
# has been established with the server
def link_established(link):
    # We store a reference to the link
    # instance for later use
    global server_link, buffer
    server_link = link

    # Create buffer, see server_client_connected() for
    # more detail about setting up the buffer.
    channel = link.get_channel()
    buffer = RNS.Buffer.create_bidirectional_buffer(0, 0, channel, client_buffer_ready)

    # Inform the user that the server is
    # connected
    RNS.log("Link established with server, enter some text to send, or \"quit\" to quit")

# When a link is closed, we'll inform the
# user, and exit the program
def link_closed(link):
    if link.teardown_reason == RNS.Link.TIMEOUT:
        RNS.log("The link timed out, exiting now")
    elif link.teardown_reason == RNS.Link.DESTINATION_CLOSED:
        RNS.log("The link was closed by the server, exiting now")
    else:
        RNS.log("Link closed, exiting now")
    
    RNS.Reticulum.exit_handler()
    time.sleep(1.5)
    os._exit(0)

# When the buffer has new data, read it and write it to the terminal.
def client_buffer_ready(ready_bytes: int):
    global buffer
    data = buffer.read(ready_bytes)
    RNS.log(f"Received data over the link buffer: {data.decode('utf-8')}")
    print("> ", end=" ")
    sys.stdout.flush()


##########################################################
#### Program Startup #####################################
##########################################################

# This part of the program runs at startup,
# and parses input of from the user, and then
# starts up the desired program mode.
if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Simple buffer example")

        parser.add_argument(
            "-s",
            "--server",
            action="store_true",
            help="wait for incoming link requests from clients"
        )

        parser.add_argument(
            "--config",
            action="store",
            default=None,
            help="path to alternative Reticulum config directory",
            type=str
        )

        parser.add_argument(
            "destination",
            nargs="?",
            default=None,
            help="hexadecimal hash of the server destination",
            type=str
        )

        args = parser.parse_args()

        if args.config:
            configarg = args.config
        else:
            configarg = None

        if args.server:
            server(configarg)
        else:
            if (args.destination == None):
                print("")
                parser.print_help()
                print("")
            else:
                client(args.destination, configarg)

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("")
        exit()